Endoscopic Turbinate Reduction (Turbinoplasty / Turbinectomy)

Inferior Turbinates and Nasal Obstruction

The inferior turbinates are long, curved structures located along the side walls of each nasal cavity (one on the left and one on the right). They are made up of a thin bony core covered by a soft tissue lining called mucosa, which helps warm, humidify, and filter the air we breathe.

Why Do Turbinates Cause Blockage?

Inferior turbinates can become enlarged due to:

  • Swelling of the mucosal lining (from allergies, infections, or irritants)

  • Overgrowth of the underlying bone
    This enlargement can lead to nasal obstruction, making it harder to breathe through the nose.

Initial Treatment

The first line of treatment is typically a steroid nasal spray, which helps reduce inflammation and swelling of the mucosa. In many cases, this improves airflow and relieves symptoms.

Surgical Options

When symptoms persist despite medical therapy—or when the turbinates are significantly enlarged—surgery may be recommended to reduce their size. There are two main types of turbinate reduction procedures:

1. Turbinoplasty

  • Involves removing the bony core of the turbinate and part of the mucosal lining (usually one side only).

  • The remaining mucosa is preserved to cover the area where bone was removed, which promotes faster healingand reduces post-operative crusting.

  • This is often the preferred technique when technically feasible.

2. Turbinectomy

  • Involves complete removal of the turbinate, including the bone and the mucosa on both sides.

  • This approach may be necessary in certain cases where turbinoplasty isn’t possible.

  • Healing tends to be slower, with a greater degree of crusting in the early recovery period.

Summary

Enlarged inferior turbinates are a common cause of nasal blockage. While medical therapy with nasal sprays is often effective, surgery may be required for more persistent or severe cases. Turbinoplasty offers a balance between effective reduction and quicker healing, while turbinectomy may be used when more extensive tissue removal is necessary.

If you are experiencing ongoing nasal obstruction, make an appointment to see one of our ENT specialists to determine the most appropriate treatment for your condition.